NOTES TOPIC 5: ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES

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ELEMENT

Is a pure substance that cannot be split into a simpler form by a simple chemical process.

TYPES OF ELEMENTS

There are many chemical elements and they are classified into groups;

i. Metals

ii. Non metals

1. METALS

These are elements which form positive ions by losing one or more electrons

PROPERTIES OF METALS

i. They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

ii. They have high melting and boiling points

iii. They are strong and tough

iv. They are bright and shiny

v. They have high density

vi. They are malleable

vii. They make noise when you bang them.

EXAMPLES OF METALS

i. Silver

ii. Potassium

iii. Sodium

iv. Magnesium

v. Aluminum

vi. Lithium

vii. Silicon

viii. Iron

ix. Calcium

x. Iron

2. NON METALS

These are elements which form negative ions by electron gain. EXAMPLES OF NON METALS

i. Chlorine

ii. Fluorine

iii. Bromine

iv. Iodine

v. Oxygen

vi. Sulphur

vii. Phosphorus

PROPERTIES OF NON METALS

i. They are bad conductors of heat and electricity

ii. They have low melting and boiling points

iii. They have low density

iv. They are not malleable

v. They are not bright

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